The impact of different corrosion forms on the bearing characteristics of the large-diameter steel pipe monopile foundation is investigated. Based on the Abaqus finite element numerical model of large-diameter steel pipe monopile, the influence of uniform corrosion, local corrosion, and the combined effect of uniform corrosion and local corrosion on the horizontal and vertical bearing characteristics of large-diameter steel pipe monopile is analyzed. The results show that: the uniform corrosion is of significant influence on the deflection of the monopile foundation, with the maximum deflection amplification of the pile shaft reaching 15.9% after 20 years of corrosion, in contrast, under the local corrosion effect, the deflection amplification is only 2.0% at the same corrosion duration; the uniform corrosion is of a substantial impact on the vertical settlement of the monopile foundation, with the maximum increase in pile head settlement reaching 21.8% after 20 years of corrosion, however, under the local corrosion effect, the settlement amplification is only 4.1% at the same corrosion duration; under the horizontal load, both local corrosion and uniform corrosion lead to an increase in the maximum stress of the pile shaft, whether under the horizontal load or vertical load, localized stress concentration occurs at the site of local corrosion. These findings provide theoretical support for anti-corrosion measures in large-diameter steel pipe monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines.