In order to analyze the influence of pile sliding on the bearing characteristics of steel pipe piles under vertical and horizontal loads, based on the data of pile sliding obtained from the theoretical analysis, a numerical model of pile-soil considering the effect of sliding condition is established. The results show that: when a single pile is under vertical load, the sliding condition reduces the side friction of the pile, and the influence of the sliding condition on the vertical bearing capacity of the steel pipe pile is more significant; when a single pile is under horizontal load, the bending moment of the steel pipe pile is greater than that under the condition of no sliding condition, indicating that the occurrence of pile sliding will cause more serious bending deformation of the steel pipe pile; the ultimate soil resistance under sliding condition is smaller than that of no sliding condition.